Note: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module.

>	Capacity
>	Bracing
>	Pinning
>	Components

<< Capacity

Scaffolds and scaffold components must be capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load (Figure 1). [1926.451(a)] Scaffolds shall be altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person. [1926.451(f)(7)] View Accident Report TIP: A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! Figure 1. When scaffold frames are interconnected, failure of one frame can cause the whole system to collapse.

<< Bracing

Frames and panels must be connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. [1926.452(c)(2)] As frames are stacked, cross braces must be of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. [1926.452(c)(2)] All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging (Figure 2). [1926.452(c)(2)] TIP: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. Figure 2. Poor attempt at securing cross bracing with wire

<< Pinning

Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. [1926.452(c)(3)] Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift, where uplift can occur. Uplift is the separation of a frame from the frame below it. [1926.452(c)(4)] View Accident Report TIP: Separation of frames can occur in high winds (uplift), or when workers climb endframes, overload the platform, or strike the scaffold with tools, materials, etc.